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Labor Issues to Pressure McDonald's Despite Pay Bump

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FILE - In this March 31, 2015 file photo, people participate in rally in front of a McDonald's restaurant in New York. A pay bump for workers at some McDonald's restaurants, announced Wednesday, April 1, 2015, isn't likely to ease the pressures the chain is facing over labor issues. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig, File)
Seth Wenig/APAdvocates for higher wages rally Tuesday in front of a McDonald's restaurant in New York.
By CANDICE CHOI

NEW YORK -- A pay bump for workers at some McDonald's restaurants isn't likely to ease the pressures the chain is facing over labor issues.

McDonald's (MCD) said Wednesday it would raise wages for workers at its company-owned U.S. restaurants, which represent only about 10 percent of more than 14,300 locations. It also said it would offer paid time off for some workers.

The move marks the first time McDonald's has set a national policy on wages, according to the company, and comes after it has been a primary target for ongoing demonstrations for pay of $15 and a union. Other companies, including Walmart Stores (WMT), have also announced pay hikes in an improving economy and at a time when worker issues are getting widespread attention.

Raising wages only a little for only a small fraction isn't change. It's a PR stunt.

Immediately after the announcement by McDonald's, however, labor organizers denounced it as a publicity strategy that did little to improve the situations of workers.

"Raising wages only a little for only a small fraction isn't change. It's a PR stunt," said Kwanza Brooks, a McDonald's worker in North Carolina, on a conference call set up by organizers.

Protests were planned for McDonald's stores in about 24 cities across the country Thursday, although turnout for the events have varied in the past. In New York City, a crowd of about 30 people gathered outside a McDonald's across the street from the Empire State Building before marching several blocks to another McDonald's. Demonstrators filed into the location while chanting and waving signs with phrases like, "McDonald's: Where's My Raise?" before they were quickly ushered out by police.

A customer who was inside the store buying lunch, Rich Roman, said he didn't support the push and that he disliked unions.

"They make everything escalate in price," he said.

In addition to the push to raise public awareness, the Fight for $15 campaign, which is being spearheaded by the Service Employees International Union, has been pressuring McDonald's on multiple legal fronts. This week, the National Labor Relations Board began a hearing on complaints that named McDonald's as a joint employer over alleged violations at franchised restaurants.

The case is expected to be a lengthy battle and is a reflection of a primary goal of organizers: to hold McDonald's accountable for labor practices at its franchised locations. McDonald's emphasized its position that it doesn't have control over employment decisions at those restaurants Wednesday when it said franchisees "make their own decisions on pay and benefits."

'Not Taking a Toll'

In a phone interview, McDonald's USA President Mike Andres said few McDonald's workers have participated in the demonstrations and that the actions haven't hurt the company.

"They're not taking a toll," he said.

Instead, he said the decision to hike pay and provide paid-time off at company-owned restaurants was driven by the marketplace.

"It's a very competitive environment and a significant rationale for this plan is that we want to be the most competitive and attractive employer," he said.

Beginning on July 1, McDonald's says starting wages will be a dollar more than the local minimum wage where company-owned restaurants are located. By the end of 2016, it said the average hourly wage for McDonald's workers at those stores will be more than $10 an hour, up from $9 an hour.

The increase comes after more than a dozen states and multiple cities raised their minimum wages last year, according to the National Employment Law Project.

At company-owned stores, McDonald's says employees who have worked for at least a year and average of 20 hours a week will be eligible to accrue about 20 hours of paid time off a year.

McDonald's Chief Administrative Officer Pete Bensen had said last month that a big part of the effort to turnaround the company's struggling U.S. business would be what it is doing "around the employment image and our employee-employer relationship."

-Associated Press Writer Josh Boak contributed to this report from Washington, D.C.

 

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Market Wrap: Upbeat Jobless Data Give Stocks a Needed Boost

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The Cast Of Nurse Jackie Ring The NYSE Opening Bell
Ben Gabbe/Getty ImagesCast members and executive producers of "Nurse Jackie" with Edie Falco, center, ring the opening bell Friday at the New York Stock Exchange.
By Caroline Valetkevitch

NEW YORK -- U.S. stocks bounced Thursday after two days of declines following encouraging data on the labor market, but mixed data this week kept uncertainty high before Friday's key payrolls report.

The S&P consumer discretionary index, up 0.7 percent, was among the day's better-performing indexes, helped by gains in CarMax (KMX) shares. The stock jumped 9.3 percent to $74.73 following stronger-than-expected results.

The number of Americans filing new claims for unemployment benefits unexpectedly fell last week. The report followed lower-than-expected readings on private sector employment and manufacturing Wednesday.

It's safe to say there's quite a of bit of uncertainty in the market and you're kind of seeing that translate into a lot of volatility with not a lot of direction.

That has given a mixed picture of the economy ahead of the March jobs report, due Friday, when the stock market is closed. Stock investors will be unable to trade off the report until Monday.

The Federal Reserve has said it won't raise interest rates until it deems the economy strong enough to withstand such a move, which will raise borrowing costs and possibly crimp spending. A below-consensus jobs number Friday could ease concerns of a nearer-term rate rise, strategists said.

The S&P and Dow closed with slight gains for the week and the Nasdaq ended down.

"It's safe to say there's quite a of bit of uncertainty in the market and you're kind of seeing that translate into a lot of volatility with not a lot of direction," said Joe Bell, senior equity analyst at Schaeffer's Investment Research in Cincinnati.

The Dow Jones industrial average (^DJI) rose 65.06 points, or 0.37 percent, to 17,763.24, the Standard & Poor's 500 index (^GSPC) gained 7.27 points, or 0.35 percent, to 2,066.96 and the Nasdaq composite (^IXIC) added 6.71 points, or 0.14 percent, to 4,886.94.

Movers and Shakers

Shares of Motorola Solutions (MSI) fell 6.2 percent to $62.51. Bloomberg reported the company has failed to find a buyer after seeking to raise interest from private equity funds and large industrial companies, citing people with knowledge of the matter.

Energy shares ended up 0.2 percent despite lower crude prices. Oil fell after a preliminary pact between Iran and global powers on Tehran's nuclear program, even as officials set further talks in June and analysts questioned when the OPEC member will be allowed to export more crude.

The release of the jobs report has only coincided with Good Friday four times since 1999, according to data from Bespoke, most recently in 2012. Analysts expect 245,000 jobs added in the month, down from 295,000 in February.

Advancing issues outnumbered declining ones on the NYSE by 1,923 to 1,101, for a 1.75-to-1 ratio; on the Nasdaq, 1,643 issues rose and 1,092 fell, for a 1.50-to-1 ratio.

The S&P 500 posted 19 new 52-week highs and 3 new lows; the Nasdaq composite recorded 104 new highs and 35 new lows.

About 5.8 billion shares changed hands on U.S. exchanges, below the 6.4 billion daily average for the last five trading sessions, according to BATS Global Markets.

What to watch Friday:
  • U.S. stock markets are closed for Good Friday.
  • The Labor Department releases employment data for March at 8:30 a.m. Eastern time.

 

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The Secret Calendar for Big Supermarket Savings

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BH1YMJ Mature woman selects tinned goods in supermarket aisle. Image shot 2009. Exact date unknown.
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Buy your groceries when they are on sale. That's a no-brainer, right? But when are they on sale?

"There are supermarket sales cycles, and they occur every 12 weeks for many major categories," according to Sue Perry, deputy editor of ShopSmart magazine, which is published by Consumer Reports.

"When you identify the sale cycles of things that your family always buys, you'll never buy at full price again," said Perry. She notes that every supermarket is different, but if you're a regular shopper, you know when it's time to stock up on good deal on a family favorite.

Use Your Freezer

To make this work, you'll need to use your pantry shelves and your freezer to full advantage. "Meat has a long shelf-life in the freezer," according to Perry. "You can freeze a whole bird for up to a year. ... Air is food's worst enemy, so you have squeeze it out.

Long-term freezing doesn't affect the taste of the food. ShopSmart says, even though the texture and appearance could be. For example, you can keep hard cheeses like parmesan in the freezer for up to six months, and if it changes the texture "you can crumble it up and use it for baking, instead of serving as a block to guests."

Whether you're storing a box of cereal in the panty or a pack of chicken breasts in the freezer, you should rotate your food by putting your newest purchases in the back and bringing older items up front. Follow the "first-in, first-out" inventory system.

If you're not sure how long certain items will last in the refrigerator or freezer, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has tons of information about what to freeze, how to do it safely, and how long each item can stay frozen and still be safe to eat.

Seasonal Sales

In addition to the 12-week sales cycle, you can stock up on some items on a seasonal basis. Right now, with Easter coming up, it's a good time to buy lamb, ham and pineapple (to glaze the ham) -- even if you're not serving the big family dinner. Freeze the meat, put cans of pineapple in the closet and enjoy another Easter meal later this year. April is also Cancer Awareness Month, so certain low-fat foods are on sale too. DailyFinance compiles a monthly list of what's on sale.

And barbecue season begins next month, making it time to stock up on ground beef, hot dogs, mustard and other condiments. Many of these items will go on and off sale prices for the rest of the summer, giving you the opportunity to stock up for when weather turns chilly.

For shoppers who are willing to take the time and effort to clip or download coupons, combining them with the sales cycle can "boost your savings up to 67 percent off regular price," according to Perry.

 

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How to Decide If You Should Refinance Your Student Loans

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Refinancing your student loans seems to be the thing to do lately. In the past year, I've had several friends tell me how they were able to lower their interest rate significantly by refinancing their loans with private loan providers. I decided to take a closer look at what all the student loan refinancing hype was all about and if it was really worth it.

Types of Student Loans

There are two types of student loans: federal and private. The Federal Direct Loan Program is administered by the Department of Education and is typically your first source of funding as a student. The main loan types are Subsidized and Unsubsidized Stafford loans, PLUS loans and Consolidation loans. The interest rate is fixed for the life of the loan and the same across borrowers, no matter what type of credit you have.

If your borrowing costs exceed the limits of federal student loans, then you may choose to borrow from a private student loan program to close the funding gap. Private loans are available with fixed or variable interest rates -- the rate will depend on your credit history.

What Is Refinancing?

When you refinance your student loan, you're essentially getting a new loan. The new provider pays off your existing loan provider and gives you a nice, fresh loan with new terms and hopefully a lower interest rate.

Federal loans can be refinanced through the federal student loan program or through a private loan provider, while private student loans can only be refinanced through a private loan provider.

If you refinance your federal student loans through the Federal Direct Loan Program, then your new interest rate will be based on the weighted average interest rate of your existing loan(s). This helps you simplify your bill paying but may not turn into actual cost savings.

When you refinance your federal and private loans through a private loan program, your interest rate will be based on your creditworthiness, which could help you get a much lower interest rate. Some factors private loan providers may take into account when determining your interest rate include credit score, income, employment history, and debt-to-income-ratio.

Benefits of Refinancing

There are a couple of benefits of refinancing your existing loan(s) through private loan providers:

  • Lower interest rate: The main benefit is being able to lock in a lower interest rate for the life of your loan. Borrowers with strong financial profiles -- including good credit scores, high income and stable employment -- have the highest likelihood of receiving lower interest rates. One of my friends had a Stafford loan with an interest rate of 6.80 percent. After refinancing with SoFi, she lowered her rate to 2.91 percent. Her new loan has a variable rate, so the rate could increase, but it's been steady for the past year.
  • Lower monthly payment: Another potential benefit is a lower monthly payment. Aside from being realized through a lower interest rate, this could also be achieved by extending the term of your loan. Although your monthly payments will be lower, since you extended the term of your loan, you could end up paying higher interest payments overall.
  • Borrower benefits: Some loan providers may also offer borrower benefits, which give you a discount on your interest rate for setting up direct debit on your loan or making a certain amount of on-time payments. My friend mentioned above received a 0.25 percent discount for signing up for direct debit (i.e., autopay).
  • Simplified billing: Refinancing could help you consolidate many loans from different providers into a single loan with one provider, thus, reducing the number of bills you receive or need to track.

Refinancing Considerations

While scoring a lower interest rate could help your immediate financial situation, there are other factors to take into account when determining whether refinancing is right for you, especially if you are considering refinancing federal student loans through a private student loan program.

Federal student loans come with a couple of benefits that could be lost if you refinance your loans through a private loan provider:

  • Income-based repayment: Some federal student loans offer borrowers with lower incomes an income-based repayment option. If this option is important to you, you should consider refinancing through the federal student loan program rather than with a private loan provider.
  • Loan forgiveness: Borrowers in certain types of public service jobs, such as government jobs, teaching, and other nonprofit careers may be eligible to have portions of their federal loans forgiven. Be sure to check your eligibility for loan forgiveness before refinancing.
  • Federal student loan payments: Some employers make payments on federal student loans as an employee benefit. If your company offers such a benefit, make sure to check if your employer would still make payments to your new private student loan after you refinance.

Bottom Line

In the end, refinancing your existing student loans through a private loan provider could help you significantly lower your interest rate and monthly payment while simplifying your billing. However, in the case of refinancing federal student loans through a private loan program, it's important to weigh the existing benefits you may have on your existing federal loans before refinancing using a private loan provider.

You can find more information about student loan refinancing by visiting some of the top private loan provider websites, such as SoFi, CommonBond or Citizens Bank.

Roger Ma is the founder of lifelaidout, a personal finance blog that helps others identify value and save time, money, and energy in their everyday lives.

 

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Own Your Home? Don't Forget These Tax Breaks

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By Molly McCluskey

For many Americans, owning a home is a large investment -- in money, in time and in a community. Fortunately, those investments can pay off at tax time, with several deductions that can help minimize the burden. Many homeowners are familiar with the home mortgage interest deduction, but a few others might be lesser known, although no less important, when it comes to saving on your return.

Medical Upgrades

For many people, the decision to retire in their own home or move to an assisted living community can be a difficult one, with dramatic financial and emotional implications. For those who opt to stay in place, however, the Internal Revenue Service offers some relief.

If a homeowner makes renovations or improvements based on a doctor's recommendations, such as adding a lap pool for water therapy, leveling a driveway or installing a ramp or other accessibility equipment, some costs can be deducted as medical care. The amount of the deduction will be determined by how much value the improvement added to your overall home. If it hasn't added any value, and the improvement is strictly for medical purposes, the entire cost can be counted as a medical expense.

"If a doctor says you need to make your home more accessible, and if that's a motivation to do some improvements, most people think those large capital expenditures need to be depreciated," says Curtis Erickson, a certified public accountant in Seattle. "But the IRS has an exception that these can qualify as actual medical expenses if you make the investment all in one year."

More information on medical-related home improvements can be found in Publication 502, Medical and Dental Expenses, on Page 6 under "capital expenses."

Offsetting Gains

Opting to move instead? Folks who have been in their homes for decades may have seen its value skyrocket. That sounds like great news, but they'll be in for a rude awakening when it comes time to pay taxes on those gains.

Jackie Perlman, principal tax research analyst at The Tax Institute, says the costs of home improvements and renovations over the years can help offset the taxes on the gain.

"If you bought a home a long time ago and didn't spend all that much for it, you may be in for a shock when it comes to pay taxes on the sale," Perlman says. "But if three years ago, you completely remodeled your kitchen, you've just increased your basis from $80,000 to $120,000, and that can be a big tax boost to you when you sell that home years later. And every penny counts. Especially in areas with expensive homes, you might have more gain."

Perlman advises homeowners to keep all the paperwork while improvements and renovations are done, since it will come in handy at tax time.

More information on declaring gains from home sales can be found in Topic 701 and Publication 523.

Energy Upgrades

Installing alternative energy features in your home can cut your energy bill -- and your tax bill. The IRS gives residential energy-efficient property credits for solar electric, solar water heating, wind energy, geothermal heat pumps and other qualified energy-efficient home improvements, which can include labor costs in most cases.

Not all energy-efficient upgrades qualify, so before buying and installing any new features, check with the manufacturer. It should provide a tax credit certification either on its website or the product packaging. If you're on the fence about making these improvements to your home, act fast. The credit only runs through 2016. They can be declared using Form 5695: Residential Energy Credits.

Home Office Deduction

Work from home on a regular basis? Use your garage for storing work-related supplies? If you fall within certain parameters, you may be able to take the home office deduction. U.S. News looked into demystifying the home office deduction earlier in the tax season, but here's the gist:

If a portion of your home is your primary workplace, you regularly meet with clients and/or you store work-related supplies, you may qualify for the home office deduction. Jeff Porter, a certified public accountant and principal of Porter & Associates in West Virginia, warns not to rent out your spare room on Airbnb and claim the deduction, since the space must be used exclusively for work.

More information about the home office deduction can be found in Publication 587.

Low-Income Housing

As an incentive to increase the building of new, low-income housing or rehabbing existing rental properties for underserved communities, the government offers a low-income housing tax credit. The credit is designed to help bridge the gap between the costs of the project and the developer's (and investors') return on investment. Owners of low-income housing rental units are also eligible for credits. Additionally, the IRS offers the mortgage interest credit, which helps lower-income individuals afford a home.

The IRS provides a full guide to tax information for homeowners, including a guide to what can and can't be deducted, and where to get help.

 

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Disney Offers a Deal to Fans Booking Another Cruise

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It's getting more tempting to book your next Disney (DIS) cruise while you're still on a current one. The family entertainment giant has tweaked the way it lets existing passengers square away future cruises on any of Disney's four richly themed ships, and the strategy is shaping up to be a big win for consumers but an even bigger win for Mickey Mouse.

For years, Disney has let passengers prebook their next trips at a discounted rate with a few additional perks. Guests receive a 10 percent discount to prevailing rates and onboard credit in exchange for placing a reduced deposit on a preselected future sailing.

The new tweak -- as reported by Disney travel site TouringPlans.com -- allows guests to lock in the perks without having to single out an exact return sailing. All they have to do is plunk down the $200 advance deposit per stateroom, then they have 24 months to complete the follow-up cruise.

Come Sail Away

Savvy travelers knew a workaround to the old system. They could start by choosing a date during the initial booking, only to contact the cruise line later to change it to a more convenient sailing. It was a popular trick, but obviously it's not something that everyone knew about. The new process makes it easier for everyone to play along, and it wouldn't be a surprise if advance bookings bump higher after this update that takes place immediately.

There's no shortage of fans when it comes to Disney's watery journeys. Disney's cruise ships have cultivated a pretty devoted following, so getting folks to book a repeat voyage isn't exactly a tall order behind the high financial hurdle of the premium travel experience. There are nearly 285,000 followers of the line's official @DisneyCruise feed on Twitter (TWTR), and that's nothing compared to the more than 1.4 million fans on Facebook (FB).

Bon Voyage

Cruising is a big business for Disney that didn't exist until Disney Magic set sail during the summer of 1998. The similar Disney Wonder joined the fleet a year later. The two vessels with capacity for 2,400 passengers apiece weren't enough to satisfy market demand, leading the media giant to add Disney Dream in 2011 and Disney Fantasy in 2012, with passenger capacity of 4,100.

Having four ships has allowed Disney to dabble into more exotic ports of call. The 2016 itinerary that was recently announced now finds cruises going through Alaska and hitting 15 European countries.

Disney doesn't break down how much revenue it generates from its cruise line. It's part of the theme park's subsidiary that generated an operating profit of $2.7 billion on $15.1 billion in revenue in Disney's latest fiscal year. However, it's clear that getting a captive audience -- and you can't be any more captive than when you're enjoying an actual Disney cruise -- to commit to a future adventure is going to be a winning business move. As long as passengers don't find themselves living beyond their means in a vicious cycle of repeat sailings, hitting the high seas under the Disney banner isn't a bad way to spend your next -- and next -- vacation.

Motley Fool contributor Rick Munarriz owns shares of Walt Disney. The Motley Fool recommends and owns shares of Facebook, Twitter and Walt Disney. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. Looking for a winner for your portfolio? Check out The Motley Fool's one great stock to buy for 2015 and beyond.​

 

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New FICO Score Factors in Utilities, How Often You Move

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By Christine DiGangi

FICO, creator of some of the most widely used credit scores in the U.S., is readying a new scoring formula designed to help high-risk consumers access credit, The Wall Street Journal reported Wednesday. The model will incorporate payment history on things like utility, cellphone and cable bills, in addition to how often consumers change addresses.

Some consumers may have already been affected by the new score, which has yet to be named. FICO says it has been working with 12 credit card issuers, which were not disclosed in the Wall Street Journal report, to test the new score in lending decisions since November. The score is expected to be offered on a national scale by the end of the year, which will give lenders the ability to reliably score an additional 15 million consumers, according to FICO.

This announcement raises many questions about how the score will be used and how it may affect consumers who already have credit scores. FICO did not immediately respond to requests for comment from Credit.com, but here's what we know so far.

What We Know About the New FICO Score

The score will open up credit access to as many as 53 million consumers who do not have credit scores or credit reports. Such "unscoreable" people generally can't get credit products and may have trouble securing housing, utilities or a cellphone, because companies outside of the credit industry use credit history to make business decisions. Those credit histories come from the three major credit reporting agencies: Equifax, Experian and TransUnion.

Payment history with cable, cellphone, electric and gas bills generally aren't reported to credit bureaus and aren't traditionally used in credit scoring models, but they are the basis for the new FICO score. The payment information comes from an Equifax database of telecommunications and utilities providers. The score will also factor in how often a consumer changes addresses, in addition to other data included in a LexisNexis database that has yet to be described. Frequent address changes suggest instability, according to the Wall Street Journal article.

What We Don't Know

So far, 10 credit card issuers have used the score, but it's unclear how many and what kind of creditors will adopt the new FICO score. It may be of interest to many lenders, because it presents the opportunity to grow business and, as a result, make more money.

Consumers have a legal right to access information about them collected by consumer reporting agencies and dispute inaccuracies, but it's unknown how consumers will be able to do that with the new data. Traditional scores are based on credit reports you can get for free each year. You can see get your credit scores for free on Credit.com to see how your reports affect your credit standing.

Perhaps some of the biggest unanswered questions are how many cable, cellphone, electric and gas companies will report this information and whether or not it will impact people who already have scores through traditional models.

For years, experts in the credit scoring industry have talked about the value of adding things like rent payments and utility bills to credit scores as a way of giving more people access to credit, but FICO has mostly stuck to its traditional formulas (rent payments do not seem to be included in this new model). The changes reported by the Wall Street Journal represent a huge shift from FICO, but how much it will impact the credit marketplace remains to be seen.

 

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5 Ways to Tell Your Financial Strategy Needs an Adjustment

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How in control are you when it comes to your money? Are you making your money work for you, or is it a constant source of stress and worry you wish you never had to deal with?

Knowing something's off is half the battle. Here are five clear signs that you're not managing your money as well as you could be, and the steps you can take to start making things right.

1. You Panic Every Time an Unexpected Expense Crops Up

Your car starts making horrible noises. Your roof starts to leak. You get sick and need a pricey medical procedure. These things would stress anyone out, but if they send you into a tailspin of "How am I ever going to pay for this?," it's a sign your finances aren't as healthy as they should be.

You should have a minimum of three to six months' income saved up in an emergency fund to cover unexpected expenses like these. If you don't, start finding ways to trim your budget or bring in some extra money (maybe by working a temporary second job) in order to get this fund to where it needs to be.

2. You Never Have Enough Left at the End of the Month

You start off each month with the best of intentions, but no matter how hard you try, you never seem to have enough money to get you through to the end of the month-or, what would be even better, to put aside extra money for savings or other goals.

You need to create a realistic working budget and dedicate yourself to sticking to it. The only way to make your money stretch as far as possible is to know exactly how much is coming in and going out each month. Sit down and start tracking how much you pay for things like groceries, rent/mortgage, utilities and medical bills. If your costs exceed your monthly income, find ways to cut back in certain areas.

Then, when the time comes to make a spur-of-the-moment decision -- like whether you should go see that movie this weekend or stay home and watch a DVR'd show -- you'll have a measurable way to tell if you can afford it or not.

Another alternative is the anti-budget. This strategy involves pulling your savings from the top first, and then spending the rest. Initially, "the rest" goes towards bills, such as your mortgage or rent, utilities, money set aside for groceries, and so forth. At the end of the week or month, if there's still anything leftover, you can treat yourself to a restaurant meal, movie, new shoes or any other discretionary purchase.

3. Your Credit Card Balances Never Go Down

You're regularly making the minimum payments on your credit card accounts, and sometimes you even make more than the minimum. But you never seem to make any progress. It feels like you have this cloud of debt over your head that's never going to go away.

Credit card debt is a huge drain on your finances, and if you ever want to have a secure financial future, you need to start getting proactive about paying it down. The debt snowball method is a popular strategy: determine which card has the smallest balance, and pay as much as you can each month towards that card. Once that card is paid down, move on to the next-smallest one on the list. If you need to slash your budget or take other measures to get this snowball rolling, do it.

And, of course, refrain from putting any new charges on your accounts from now on. Adding to a balance you're trying to pay down is an exercise in futility.

4. The Thought of Retirement Freaks You Out

Some people think of retirement and envision long, relaxing days playing golf, catching up on hobbies and traveling the world. You think of retirement and immediately start to panic because you have no idea how on earth you're going to cover your expenses when you're no longer working.

No matter your age, you still have time to save up enough for a comfortable retirement. You just need to get clear on how much you'll need and come up with a definite strategy for getting there. As a general rule-of-thumb, you should set aside between 15 to 18 percent of your income into retirement accounts like your 401k or IRA.

Don't leave your retirement up to chance or think it's far enough way that you can "worry about it later." The sooner you start saving up, the more secure it will be.

5. Money Is Only a Source of Stress for You

You feel guilty every time you make a purchase or look at your bank balance. Any time you talk with your partner about money, it turns into a fight. Each month feels like a losing battle with forces beyond your control, whether it's bills you can't pay or goals you can't afford to save up for.

It's time to take control of your finances. Money is not the root of all evil, as it can sometimes seem when you're in over your head. It's merely a tool we can use to design the life we want to live. Realize that the way you spend your money is a direct reflection of your priorities in life, and resolve to bring your spending in line with those priorities.

Once you take a long, hard look at your money habits, you will start to see areas where improvement could make a big difference in your overall financial state. You have the power to determine how your money works for you, so do everything in that power to make it work the way you want it to.

Paula Pant quit her 9-to-5 job, traveled to 32 countries, launched her own business and became a successful real estate investor. She's the founder of Afford Anything, an online movement against tired old financial advice that says you should skip lattes and chain yourself to a desk for 40 years. Afford Anything helps you crush limits, build wealth and maximize life.

 

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4 Money Lessons You Can Learn from 'Shark Tank'

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Entrepreneurs and inventors aren't the only ones who can learn a thing or two from "Shark Tank." This popular TV show is also a source of great lessons that could help you get a better handle on managing your money.

1. Know Your Priorities

The sharks: The sharks have different ways of determining what constitutes a good investment, and it doesn't always come down to the dollars and cents. Sometimes they invest in the entrepreneur as much as his company, wanting to pay it forward and help make an American dream come true. Sometimes they relate to a product personally because it solves a problem they're familiar with or serves a niche they're involved in. And many times (or all the time, if you're Kevin O'Leary), the decision is simply and strictly about the money.

You: Know where your priorities stand. Determine what you want your money to be able to do for you -- allow you to travel, build yourself future security, free you from a job you hate -- and work toward those goals regardless of what anyone else around you is doing.

2. Don't Let Your Emotions Get in the Way

The sharks: More than a few entrepreneurs have broken down in the tank when they realize no one is interested in what they're selling. The sharks try to explain to them why their business model isn't working, why their product won't sell or why they won't get enough return on their investment -- but all the entrepreneur can do is sob about the fact that their product is "their baby" and they've spent long, hard hours pouring themselves into it. As a result, they don't retain any of the valuable advice the sharks have given them.

You: Money and emotions don't mix well. Make sure your financial decisions, both large and small, are based on logic, reason and an impartial analysis. Seek one advice from a third party like a certified public accountant or financial adviser. Don't let your feelings impair your better judgment.

4. Be Realistic

The sharks: Some entrepreneurs value their companies at millions of dollars when they don't have a single sale yet to prove their worth. Others believe their product will be the next super-trend when in reality the market for it is so small it's barely worth producing.

​You: Whether you're putting together a monthly budget or determining how much house you can afford to buy, make sure you're being realistic about your own capabilities. Can you really live on $50 of groceries a month, or are you mistaking an impossible goal for a realistic challenge? Even if you can qualify for a $250,000 mortgage, will that leave you enough money to live on or will you wind up house-poor? It's OK to want to aim high, but make sure any goals you have are also firmly grounded in reality.

4. Don't Let Difficulties Stop You

The sharks: Some of the most inspirational "Shark Tank" stories are those of entrepreneurs who faced overwhelming obstacles and setbacks and still managed to make their company successful. Many of the sharks themselves overcame challenges to get to where they are today. A single mother raised FUBU creator Daymond John; tech mogul Robert Herjavec is the son of Croatian immigrants and the first in his family to attend college.

​You: Whether you've lost your job, made a bad investment or dug yourself into debt, remember that what matters isn't how many times you fall down; it's how many times you get back up again. We all make mistakes and sometimes life throws us for a loop; it's determination, dedication and a willingness to look forward that play the strongest role in our ultimate success.

Paula Pant is an entrepreneur and real estate investor who has traveled to 32 countries. Her blog Afford Anything is not the same tired, stodgy, uninspired financial advice that you'll find on other websites. Afford Anything shows you how to crush limits, create wealth and maximize life.

 

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Hard Question for Collection Plate: Do Only Rich Folks Tithe?

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Congregation singing together in church
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"And all the tithe of the land, whether of the seed of the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is the Lord's... And concerning the tithe of the herd, or of the flock, even of whatsoever passeth under the rod, the tenth shall be holy unto the Lord."
-- Leviticus 27: 30, 32

"To give 10 percent ... [is] the gold standard of charitable donations... [but] less than 10 percent of Christian church-going Americans give 10 percent or more of their income. ... Those who do tithe tend to be in better financial shape than those who don't. Nearly one in three tithers are debt-free vs. 13 percent of non-tithers."
-- MarketWatch "Moneyologist" Quentin Fottrell

Which brings us to today's big question: If almost no one at church tithes these days, and if among those few who do, many are in better-than-average financial shape, does this mean that "only rich folks tithe"?

That seems to be the gist of what MarketWatch resident financial expert Quentin Fottrell argues. According to Fottrell, people who tithe 10 percent or more of their income to church are a rare and well-off bunch. Simply put, they tithe because they can afford it -- but most of us cannot.

Or as he summarizes his thinking: You should "give $1 or $1,000, or whatever feels comfortable." Because no one else is tithing 10 percent, either.

What Is the State of the Plate?

MarketWatch bases this argument on research in a 2013 "State of the Plate" research report sponsored by such organizations as Christianity Today and the Evangelical Christian Credit Union.

This report, currently the most comprehensive research available on trends in tithing among churchgoers, tends to support MarketWatch's take. For example, statistics cited in "State of the Plate" confirm that churchgoers who tithe do have their finances in better order than those who do not tithe. For example, they are:
  • 40 percent less likely (15 percent versus 25 percent) than the average churchgoer to owe significant debt (more than $50,000).
  • Only half as likely (20 percent vs. 40 percent) to be overdue on their credit cards.
  • Twice as likely to be entirely debt-free (28 percent versus 13 percent).
But as well off as they may be, there aren't a lot of tithers. In fact, out of the U.S. population of 315 million (circa 2013), State of the Plate says only 10 million people tithed 10 percent or more of their income.

10 Million Sounds Like a Lot, but It Isn't

That "10 million" is an interesting number. Gallup polling data show that 43 percent of Americans attended church weekly (or nearly so) in 2013. Out of a population of 315 million, that's roughly 135 million souls.

State of the Plate estimates 10 million of these people tithed 10 percent of their income, implying only 7.4 percent of professed churchgoers are tithing 10 percent. What's more, out of the whole U.S. population, this suggests that barely 3 percent of us tithe 10 percent or more.

And yet, State of the Plate reports that these 10 million tithers donate more than $50 billion annually to their churches. How is that possible?

There's Generous -- and Then There's Crazy-Generous

After all, $50 billion divided by 10 million tithers works out to each tithing an average of $5,000. Yet according to the U.S. Census Bureau, the average per capita income in the U.S. in 2013 was just $28,155. Granted, "per capita" data includes data on children, who don't earn much. But some children also tithe. In fact, State of the Plate says that "28 percent [of tithers] started giving 10 percent when they were in their childhood or teen years."

So for 10 million tithers to tithe $50 billion, they must tithe an average of 17.8 percent of their income.

Which is pretty incredible. You won't find that amount of generosity required even in the King James Version of the Bible.

And yet, State of the Plate reports that 77 percent of tithers polled do give more than 10 percent on Sunday. Specifically, 23 percent give 10 percent, but:
  • 54 percent give between 11 and 15 percent.
  • 14 percent "tithe" 16 to 20 percent.
  • and 9 percent give 20 percent or more.
But that still seems unlikely to result in an average tithing rate of 17.8 percent. My back-of-the-envelope calculation works out to a bit more than 13.6 percent.

The Trouble With Tithers

And that's not the end of the "math problems." In a married household, usual tithing practice isn't for husband and wife to tithe separately. Children may be encouraged to tithe individually, to encourage early adoption of the practice. But for parents, it's more common for the head of the household to deposit "the family's" tithes in the offering plate.

Now consider: If 10 million households tithed an average of $5,000 in 2013, that's only 6.9 percent of the average household income that year ($72,641, per U.S. Census Bureau data).

Result: We're now down to 7.4 percent of professed churchgoers "tithing" 10 percent, or 10 million actual tithers tithing an average of just 6.9 percent.

The Upshot for Tithers

Either way, State of the Plate's best guess that "10-25 percent" of churchgoing families tithe 10 percent or more doesn't seem very close to the mark. Either fewer churchgoers are tithing much more than 10 percent, or more churchgoers are tithing less than 10 percent.

It can't be both.

Confession is said to be good for the soul ... so Motley Fool contributor Rich Smith might as well admit it: He had to look up the Leviticus quotes. Neither he, nor The Motley Fool, has any financial interest in any of the organizations mentioned above. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. Check out our free report on one great stock to buy for 2015 and beyond.​​

 

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Pace of Hiring Weakens with 126,000 Jobs Added in March

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Frances Scoggins, left, speaks to Michael McCall, general manager for Chattanooga Labeling Systems, about her resume during a huge 15-county North Georgia job fair at The Colonnade in Ringgold, Ga., on Thursday, April 2, 2015. Scoggins has been unemployed for the past 4-months and is looking for a safety or manufacturing job. The U.S. government issues the March jobs report on Friday, April 3, 2015. (AP Photo/Chattanooga Times Free Press, Dan Henry)
Dan Henry/Chattanooga Times Free Press via APJob seekers attend a 15-county job fair Thursday at The Colonnade in Ringgold, Georgia.
By JOSH BOAK

WASHINGTON -- The weakening U.S. economy spilled into the job market in March as employers added only 126,000 jobs -- the fewest since December 2013 -- snapping a streak of 12 straight months of gains above 200,000.

The Labor Department said Friday that the unemployment rate remained at 5.5 percent.

Friday's jobs report raised uncertainties about the world's largest economy, which for months has been the envy of other industrialized nations for its steadily robust hiring and solid growth.

The March jobs report raised uncertainties about the world's largest economy, which for months has been the envy of other industrialized nations for its steadily robust hiring and growth. Employers now appear wary about the economy, especially as a strong dollar has slowed U.S. exports, home sales have sputtered and cheaper gasoline has yet to unleash more
consumer spending.

Some of the weakness may prove temporary: An unseasonably cold March followed a brutal winter that slowed key sectors of the economy.

Last month's subpar job growth could make the Federal Reserve less likely to start raising interest rates from record lows in June, as some have been anticipating. The Fed may decide that the economy still needs the benefit of low borrowing costs to generate healthy growth.

Bonds Fall

Reflecting that sentiment, government bond yields fell Friday after the news of disappointing job growth. The yield on the U.S. 10-year Treasury note fell to 1.84 percent from 1.90 percent before the announcement. U.S. stock markets are closed in observance of Good Friday.

Economists noted that for months hiring had been stronger than other gauges of the economy, suggesting that a pullback in job gains was inevitable.

"Job growth has been running at a stupendous pace in America over the last several months, increasingly out of tune with other economic indicators, which have pointed to a slowdown," James Marple, senior economist at TD Economics, wrote in a research note. "The reckoning in March closes at least some of this gap.'"

At the same time, some said the March jobs report looks bleak in part because hiring had been so robust in the months that preceded it.

"Employers aren't laying people off," said Patrick O'Keefe, director of economic research at the accounting and consulting firm CohnReznick. "What they've decided to do is slow down the pace at which they're hiring until they have more confidence."

Jobs Decline in Several Sectors

Last month, the manufacturing, building and government sectors all shed workers. Factories cut 1,000, snapping a 19-month hiring streak. Construction jobs also fell by 1,000, the first drop in 15 months. Hiring at restaurants plunged from February. The mining and logging sector, which includes oil drilling, lost 11,000.

Some other categories showed continued gains. Health care added 22,000 workers. Professional and business services -- a sector that includes lawyers, engineers, accountants and office temps - gained 40,000. Financial services expanded by 8,000, and retailers maintained their 12-month pace by adding 25,900.

In addition to reporting sluggish hiring for March, the government revised down its estimate of job gains in February and January by a combined 69,000. Wage growth in March remained modest. Average hourly wages rose 7 cents to $24.86 an hour. That marked a year-over-year pay increase of just 2.1 percent. But because average hours worked fell in March for the first time in 15 months, Americans actually earned less on average than they did in February. Tepid pay increases have been a drag on the economy since the Great Recession ended nearly six years ago.

Many Americans remain out of the labor force, partly because many baby boomers are reaching retirement age. The percentage of Americans who are either working or looking for work fell in March to 62.7 percent, tying the lowest such rate since 1978.

Job growth had been healthy for more than a year before March. Yet the streak of strong hiring, along with cheaper gasoline, hasn't significantly boosted consumer spending.

The Future of Interest Rates

The Fed signaled last month that it would be cautious in raising rates from record lows. The Fed has yet to rule out a June rate hike. But many analysts expect the first increase no earlier than September. In part, that's because Fed officials have revised down the range of unemployment they view as consistent with a healthy economy to 5 percent to 5.2 percent from 5.2 percent to 5.5 percent previously. The weak hiring last month could give them further pause.

Chair Janet Yellen has stressed that even when the Fed begins raising rates, it will do so only very gradually.

A Fed rate hike would point to stable growth. But the economy has weakened in the first two months of 2015, in part because of the tough winter.

The Atlanta Federal Reserve estimates that growth was flat during the first three months of 2015. JPMorgan Chase (JPM) says that growth is tracking at an annualized rate of 0.6 percent. Those forecasts are significantly below the annual growth rate of 2.2 percent in the final three months of 2014 and a rate of more than 4 percent in the middle of last year.

Rising Dollar

Factory orders have been mixed, having dropped sharply in January before ticking up modestly in February. Cheaper oil has led energy companies to halt orders for pipelines and equipment, hurting manufacturers. At the same time, the strengthening dollar has made American-made goods costlier abroad, thereby cutting into exports.

This year's job growth has yet to ignite a larger boom in consumer spending. McDonald's (MCD), Walmart (WMT), Gap (GPS) and other major employers have announced raises for their lowest-paid employees. But those pay raises are staggered and unlikely to fuel faster wage growth.

The economy has disproportionately added lower-paying jobs in the retail and restaurant sectors since the economic recovery began in mid-2009. Adding jobs in the lowest-paid industries can suppress average hourly wages, even when employers are rewarding cashiers, waiters and sales clerks with pay bumps.

The rise in lower-paying jobs hasn't been enough to boost home sales. Housing prices have surged faster than wages since 2012, when the real estate market bottomed.

Evidence of a strong spring rebound likely hinged on hiring by retailers and restaurants, noted Tara Sinclair, a George Washington University professor and chief economist at Indeed, the job-posting website.

But bars and restaurants added just 8,700 jobs in March, compared with 66,000 in February. Retailers stayed close to their 12-month average by adding 26,000.

AP Economics Writer Paul Wiseman contributed to this report.

 

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Week's Winners, Losers: Cash Flows at McDonald's, GoDaddy

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Financial Markets Wall Street GoDaddy CEO
Richard Drew/APCEO Blake Irving waits for GoDaddy's IPO to begin trading on Wednesday.
There were plenty of winners and losers this week, with the world's largest burger flipper sprucing up its image by bumping up hourly wages and U.S. automakers taking a breather in March.

GoDaddy (GDDY) -- Winner

If your inspiration after hearing about another hot IPO is to see if you can register the AnotherHotIPO.com domain, then you are probably no stranger to GoDaddy. The country's leader in domain name registrations soared on its first day of trading on Wednesday.

GoDaddy was originally expected to price in the high teens, but strong demand pushed its IPO price to $20 on Tuesday night. It wasn't enough. The stock opened more than 30 percent higher on Wednesday morning. That may come as a surprise given GoDaddy's scary financials. It has been posting large annual losses for years. Some also argue that the domain registrations business is a cutthroat commodity market no matter how slick GoDaddy's controversial ads may be.

However, it was ultimately a big day for GoDaddy, and an encouraging sign for the companies waiting to go public. The marketplace is receptive, and other IPOs will follow.

Ford (F) and General Motors (GM) -- Losers

The leading U.S. automakers shifted into reverse last month. Sales data out this week shows that Ford and GM saw their new-car sales shrink by 3.4 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively, in March relative to the prior year's showing.

Industry watchers aren't scared. They point to the harsh winter and March having one fewer weekend this time around as the causes for slower showroom traffic at the Ford and GM dealerships. However, we did see some other players including Hyundai, Subaru, and Fiat Chrysler gain ground in March. In other words, Ford and GM will need to shift back into drive in April.

Amazon.com (AMZN) -- Winner

One of Wednesday's lamest April Fools' Day jokes was Amazon.com turning its homepage into the vintage landing page it had in 1999. It wasn't very funny, and it may have scared away some potential shoppers.

However, earlier in the week, Amazon did turn heads for something so cool that it seems as if it's a prank -- but it's not. Amazon Dash is a simple Wi-Fi-tethered button about the size of a keychain. Amazon shoppers set up the button to place reorders of anything from K-Cups to laundry detergent when they see that they're running out. An alert gets sent to the owner's smartphone in case it was made by mistake. It should make people rely on Amazon even more, driving even more consumers to the Amazon Prime platform.

UTi Worldwide (UTIW) -- Loser

Share of UTi Worldwide plunged nearly 20 percent on April Fools' Day, and it wasn't a joke. The provider of supply chain solutions for the shipping industry fell woefully short of expectations in its quarterly report the night before.

Revenue declined 10 percent relative to the prior year's fiscal fourth quarter, and UTi suffered a substantially larger deficit than the market was expecting. At least one Wall Street pro -- RBC Capital Markets -- downgraded the stock and lowered its price target following the problematic report. UTi's guidance for the new fiscal year was also a stinker.

McDonald's (MCD) -- Winner

Caving in at least partly to activist pressure, the country's largest burger chain announced that it will raise hourly rates at its company-owned restaurants. It's not the $15 an hour that activists have been clamoring for, and obviously McDonald's isn't going to give in to unionization requests. The raise is also not going to apply at the franchisee-run restaurants that make up most of its locations. However, given the struggles at the fast-food giant to woo customers, this is a smart way to try to spruce up its tarnished corporate image.

Motley Fool contributor Rick Munarriz owns shares of Ford. The Motley Fool recommends Amazon.com, Ford, General Motors, and McDonald's. The Motley Fool owns shares of Amazon.com and Ford. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. Looking for a winner for your portfolio? Check out The Motley Fool's one great stock to buy for 2015 and beyond.

 

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Detail Your Car for Less -- Savings Experiment

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Get Your Car Detailed for Less
It's been a long winter and most of us are ready to have our cars cleaned and refreshed from top to bottom. Professional auto detailing isn't cheap, but that doesn't mean you have to spend big bucks to get the job done. Here are a few simple, low-cost tips you can use to get your car shining again.

Before you start cleaning, try eliminating any unpleasant odors by using this one unexpected item: BBQ charcoal! It sounds strange, but charcoal absorbs odors very well. Just leave some briquettes in your car for a few days until the smell is gone. Bonus: you can still use them to cook up some burgers when you're done.

Next, focus on washing your car in the right order. This can save you a lot of time and trouble. When you clean the interior first, you won't have to worry about debris ruining your spotless finish. Start from the top and work your way down. The dirt and dust you stir up will end up on the bottom anyway, so it's best to do the carpets and floor mats last. Once you're ready for the exterior, wash the wheels first so if you splash water onto the body, it won't be a big deal. Then wash the painted areas and, finally, the glass.

While you're out there, always remember to avoid using dishwasher detergent on the body of your car. Despite how cheap and harmless it might seem, using dishwasher detergent can actually strip the protective coating from your finish and leave it vulnerable to nicks and scratches. Instead, use a dedicated car-wash product, which is less caustic and specifically designed for use on automotive paint.

Lastly, avoid washing your car with any circular motions. These cause small, light swirl marks in your finish. For a more blemish-free clean, move your sponge lengthwise across the hood and other panels. Or better yet, try using a pair of stockings instead of a sponge. While you might get some strange looks, the softer material won't leave any marks.

These are a just a few ways you can keep your car looking great, without the hefty price tag. Give these tips a try, and see the savings for yourself.

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8 Fun, Inexpensive Group Activities for You and Your Friends

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Hanging out with your friends can get expensive - movies, bars, dinners -- and frugal alternatives can feel boring and predictable after a while. (One too many board game nights, anyone?)

Here are eight fun alternatives to both extremes -- group activities you can enjoy with your friends that won't break the bank or won't feel like those other frugal hacks you've done a million times before.

With these entertaining ideas stored in your money-saving arsenal, you'll be on your way to breaking the (false) mental association between spending money and enjoying life.


Paula Pant is an entrepreneur and real estate investor who has traveled to 32 countries. Her blog Afford Anything is not the same tired, stodgy, uninspired financial advice that you'll find on other websites. Afford Anything shows you how to crush limits, create wealth and maximize life.

 

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Solutions to 5 Common Tax Season Problems

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A confused young man working with his computer apparently can't figure out what he is looking at on the screen.
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By Nancy Mann Jackson

You had every intention of filing your tax return before 11:59 P.M. on April 15, and you were chugging along nicely to meet that goal -- until you hit a roadblock. Maybe you realized you never received a crucial document in the mail, or you misplaced some receipts necessary to back up that big write-off you were counting on.

Sound familiar? You're not alone -- or doomed to miss the deadline. "Confusing tax-time problems are quite common," says Andrew Poulos, an enrolled agent and principal with Poulos Accounting & Consulting, Inc., in Atlanta. "And while they may seem daunting at first, most issues can be easily fixed-if you know what steps to take."

To help you navigate the season's trickiest head scratchers, we're laying out five common tax problems -- plus Poulos' quick tips for putting you back on track faster than you can cash your refund check.

1. There's a Mistake on Your W-2

If your W-2 -- the federal form issued by your employer that indicates how much you've earned and paid in taxes for the year -- reports the wrong amount of income, the Internal Revenue Service could slap you with an inflated tax bill.

As soon as you realize there's an error, immediately contact your employer and ask for a corrected form. Typically, it will do so quickly, as it's in its best interest to accurately report the full amount it has paid in taxes for each employee. "But if they don't, call the IRS. and file a complaint," Poulos says, adding that it'll then contact your employer asking for the correction on your behalf.

Unfortunately, this process can take several months, so you may need to file an extension -- but the good news is that the IRS will have records showing that you're working toward a resolution.

2. Your Former Employer Went Out of Business

If you haven't received a W-2 and therefore can't prove that your employer paid taxes for you because they've shuttered, it's possible that the IRS could bill you for a year's worth of back taxes -- plus interest and other penalties.

If your previous company went under before issuing you a W-2, you can file a substitute wage statement, known as the Form 4852, using information from your last pay stub to complete the document. Can't find your last paycheck? Then estimate your numbers -- but very carefully. "You'll have to substantiate your figures on Form 4852 should you ever get audited by the IRS," Poulos says. "That's why it's so important to use the most accurate figures possible."

3. You Didn't Receive a 1099

Unlike full-time employees with W-2s, independent contractors are typically on their own when it comes to reporting their income and paying taxes. So it's crucial to keep track of the 1099's issued by clients in order to back up your income claims.

If a company fails to send you a 1099, Poulos says it's not the end of the world. "Because there are no withholdings reflected on the 1099, your own records of income are enough to file your tax return," he explains. That said, be vigilant about keeping records of client invoices, deposit receipts and bank statements -- all of which can be used to compute your income and tax liability without a 1099.

4. You're Missing Substantiating Documentation for a Deduction

If you choose to itemize your deductions, you'll need receipts or other supporting documents to prove how much you spent. Otherwise, the IRS could disallow your deduction -- potentially costing you more money in taxes and penalties. "If you're just missing a few records or receipts, you're probably OK," Poulos says -- as long as you can come up with other ways to back up your right to a deduction.

For instance, if you want to deduct business travel, but failed to keep a detailed log of how many miles you drove to visit clients, Poulos suggests trying to re-create an accurate account using gas station receipts.

If you know how many miles you get to the gallon, then you can tally up how far you drove based on the number of times you filled up at the pump. Just be sure to deduct your personal use from the total mileage. For other types of business deductions -- like hotel stays or client meals -- where you don't have actual purchase receipts, a credit card or bank statement may do the trick.

5. You're Confused How to Prove You Had Health Insurance

For the first time in 2014, all taxpayers must prove they have health insurance to avoid paying federal penalties. If you bought a policy on the exchange, you'll receive Form 1095-A as supporting documentation. But if you have private insurance -- both taken out for yourself or provided through an employer -- it's a little trickier.

"The IRS has not given us specific instructions about what types of documentation to provide to show health insurance coverage," Poulos says. "And that can be confusing." For now, Poulos says he's advising clients to offer up as much information as possible. That could include copies of your insurance card, billing statements from your insurance provider, or your final pay stub, showing how much was deducted from your paycheck for premiums.

 

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Will You Have to Work Until You Die?!?

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a senior worker driving the...
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I hope you are sitting down, because you are going to need much, much more money than you think to retire -- or you could end up working until you die.

The figures cited by experts vary from a half million to $2 million plus. According to the AARP, you need to save nine times your salary at age 60 to retire. Since the Bureau of Labor Statistics calculates a mean wage of $46,440, that adds up to a $418,000 nest egg. If you want to do more math, that's 40 times what the average American family has saved for retirement.

More discouraging, a recent e-book, Is "One Million Dollars Enough? "by USA Today retirement columnist Rodney Brooks, suggests you need at least a $1 million saved to retire, and $2 million -- depending on your lifestyle -- may not be enough.

But only roughly 1 in 10 households boasts millionaires. The National Institute on Retirement Security suggests even if you aren't a millionaire, "to maintain its standard of living in retirement, the typical working American household needs to replace roughly 85 percent of pre-retirement income."

The U.S. Department of Labor cites expert consensus that Americans should save 70 percent of pre-retirement income and up to 90 percent for lower income workers. According to the latest annual Transamerica survey on retirement only a quarter of American workers think they will need $2 million to retire.

American Dream -- or Nightmare?

Most frightening is that the average American family has less than $10,000 earmarked for retirement, according to the National Institute on Retirement Security, and 38 million households have absolutely nothing saved for retirement. "The American dream of retiring after a lifetime of work will be impossible for many," write Diane Oakley, its executive director.

Gone are the days of cushy pensions and adequate Social Security benefits -- if these ever existed. Not to mention, a million isn't the fabulous sum it once was -- and people are living longer. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the average American spends 20 years in retirement. About the only thing financial experts seem to agree on is, to paraphrase the old Chicago political slogan, "Save early, save often."

Baby (Boomer) Steps
  • The only other thing the experts agree on is the closer you are to retirement the more you need a plan. A plan will help maximize your returns and anticipate and mitigate the effects of taxes and health care costs, the two largest expenses for retirees. Finding a trustworthy financial planner is the first step, and the Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards encourages, " ou can afford to retire comfortably if you develop a solid plan and make smart choices along the way." And strongly consider a fee-only' adviser rather than a fee-based adviser.
  • Diversifying your retirement portfolio is a key strategy, notes board of standards consumer advocate Eleanor Blayney. "There is no one product, fund or savings account that will take care of all your retirement planning needs. For example, annuities may generate a steady income, but they don't provide liquidity for big, unexpected expenses. Target-date funds may take care of portfolio rebalancing, but may not respond well to unexpected market events."
  • Plan to live within your means. This is truer than ever as Charles Dickens' Mr. Micawber so memorably said, "Annual income 20 pounds, annual expenditure 19, 19 six, result happiness. Annual income 20 pounds, annual expenditure 20 pounds, ought and six, result misery." Pay off any major debts like credit cards and mortgages before retirement. Some experts suggest possibly downsizing your home and refinancing, but the ultimate result is the less you have to spend the more money you have 'til the end.
  • An emergency fund is important, although it may seem counterintuitive if you are already saving for a future retirement. The sad fact is almost half of retirees were forced to retire earlier than planned due to health issues or job loss, a figure that has remained steady for several years, according to the Employee Benefit Research Institute. Its annual retiree confidence survey "consistently found that a large percentage of retirees leave the work force earlier than planned (49 percent in 2014)." At least six to 12 months of living expenses at a minimum is recommended. This is good advice for anyone at any age but for those closest to retirement, finding a new job or dealing with added expenses during a health crisis is particularly stressful. Other reasons for having an emergency fund, according to rothira.com, are to protect you during market downturns and home or auto disasters.
Worst-Case Scenario

You dream of retirement, but as John Lennon wrote, "Life is just what happens to you while you're busy making other plans." So, you may have to continue working but are definitely not alone. According to Sara Rix of the AARP's Public Policy Institute, "Over the past two decades, however, there has been a sharp increase in the labor force participation rates of all older age groups, even those aged 75 and over."

Even if you still have to work, you might still be able to pull off that dream of retirement with the right plan. If you're very lucky you might never want to retire because you love your work. Whichever of these is your situation, don't regret not making plans -- just start saving right now, this very minute.

 

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New Ford Minivan Won't Break the Speed Limit

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FordThe new Ford S-Max, a European model related to the Fusion sedan, includes a system that reads speed-limit signs and keeps the car from going faster.
Would you buy a Ford (F) that always obeyed the speed limit -- whatever it was?

Buyers in Europe will soon have a chance to do just that. Ford says that its S-Max minivan will be offered with an Intelligent Speed Limiter, a system that reads road signs -- and limits the car's maximum speed accordingly.

The Car Knows the Speed Limit, and That's How Fast It Goes

Ford says that its new system combines two other systems already available on a few Ford models in Europe -- an adjustable speed limiter that can be set manually by the driver and a system that reads and understands certain types of road signs.

The system is set by the driver, and it can be turned on and off. When it's on, the system automatically slows the car down whenever the speed limit changes to a lower limit, and it won't let the car accelerate past the speed limit under most conditions.

Ford says that even when it's engaged, the driver can temporarily override the system by "firmly depressing the accelerator pedal" -- to pass a slow truck, perhaps, or to merge safely on a highway.

But Will Anyone Want a Speed-Limiting System?

Ford thinks that the system will appeal to some European customers, particularly those who may drive to other countries regularly.

It may sound to some Americans like a crazy idea. But in Europe, where there are lots of automated camera systems that record speeders' license plate numbers and mail them tickets, and where drivers often drive across national borders, into countries with unfamiliar speed limits, some may find it to be helpful.

The speed-limiting system isn't coming to the United States, at least not yet. Ford's road-sign recognition system is designed to work with the European road-sign standard, which is different from America's. But it could be adapted to the U.S. standard as well in time.

If so, it wouldn't be hard to integrate it into American Fords. The S-Max is a midsize minivan that is made only for the European market. But the new S-Max shares many components under the skin with the Fusion sedan that is familiar to Americans. It probably wouldn't be very hard for Ford to add this new system to a Fusion, or to other U.S. models -- if there was demand for it.

That seems unlikely. But this is just one of a slew of new systems that have come out of Ford's research into self-driving cars.

Parts of Tomorrow's Self-Driving Cars Are Coming to Market Now

Ford says that it has no plans to launch a self-driving car anytime soon, and its executives have hinted that the company will take a wait-and-see approach to the idea. But Ford and its suppliers are still working on the idea, and that work has yielded a number of new safety systems.

Many of those systems are already offered on Fords here in the United States. Like other automakers, Ford offers active cruise control, lane-keeping systems, and parking-assist technology on several of its Ford and Lincoln models here in the U.S. and elsewhere. Anyone who has shopped for a new car recently has probably encountered similar systems.

Individually, each of these is a more-or-less useful safety aid. But taken together, with some smart software, they could be (and probably will be) key components of a self-driving car in the near future.

Or put another way, some big parts of that future are already here.

Motley Fool contributor John Rosevear owns shares of Ford. The Motley Fool recommends and owns shares of Ford. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days, and check out our free report on one great stock to buy for 2015 and beyond.

 

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5 Reasons Investors Should Favor Index Funds, ETFs

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AW25NB Piles of twenty dollar notes on paperwork bonds
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Investors seem to have made up their collective minds in deciding that passive investing -- index funds and exchange-traded fund that track the market benchmarks like the S&P 500 (^GSPC) -- is preferable to actively managed funds, where stock pickers try to outperform the market averages.

And recent results seem to suggest that's the wisest course to follow. According to S&P Dow Jones Indices, more than 86 percent of large-cap fund managers underperformed the return of the S&P 500 last year. And this is not a blip: over a five-year period, 88 percent active fund managers underperformed, and over the past 10 years (which includes the financial crisis and the subsequent market tumble), 82 percent underperformed.

What Warren Buffett Thinks

Here are five good reasons why you should favor a hand-off approach to investing:
  • Management fees are low. The biggest advantage of index funds is that they cost very little to operate, so management fees are just a tiny fraction of what actively managed funds charge their investors. Vanguard Group charges as little as 18 cents for every $100 invested, according to company spokeswoman Adrianna Stefanoni Sherlock. That compares with an average of $1.24 per $100 invested in the average actively managed mutual fund. Vanguard is by far the industry leader in selling index funds. It has more than $3 trillion under its management, and last year investors poured a record $216 billion into its mutual funds.
  • Warren Buffett has climbed on board the bandwagon. The world's most famous market guru told his Berkshire Hathaway (BRK-A) shareholders last year that he wants trustees of his fortune to put 90 percent of his money into a plain vanilla "very low-cost S&P 500 index fund." He said the results "will be superior to those attained by most investors ... who employ high-fee managers." The mantra of index fund investors is to keep costs as low as possible, and over time -- maybe 20 or 30 years of investing -- the savings from using low-cost funds will add up to tens of thousands of dollars. And each year, you can reinvest that money, adding to your long-term returns.
  • The low cost is directly linked to performance. That's what investing is all about. Let's say stocks gain 6 percent a year. If you're paying an active fund manager 1¼ percent to manage your investment, he's going to have to outperform the index fund by nearly that much just for you to match the performance of the passive investment. Very few portfolio managers have been able to do that for long. "In predicting good performance, cost tends to be the most predictive factor," according to Christine Benz, Morningstar's director of personal finance.
  • Index funds and ETFs are much more tax efficient. Taxes are due when you sell a stock or bond at a profit (except when they are held in tax-deferred retirement accounts). But as many investors discovered during the current tax season, you don't have to sell a mutual fund to incur significant capital gains exposure. Many actively managed funds paid out big distributions last year, as they sold stocks in their portfolios that had run up sharply over the course of the six-year bull market, generating a tax hit for investors, whether or not they sold any shares. And many of these actively managed funds were indeed very active in buying and selling stocks within their fund portfolios. On the other hand, an index fund rarely changes the make-up of its portfolio. Most of the capital gains it generates come from companies are dropped from the index or acquired.
  • Index funds and index-based ETFs are much simpler. You don't have to worry so much about diversification, because a broad-based index already does that for you. You don't have to monitor the fund on a regular basis, because you know exactly what's in it. And you don't have to worry so much about rebalancing your investment, because the index funds are in effect doing that on an ongoing basis.
As passive investing has become more and more popular, with investors pouring billions of dollars into them each year, "price wars have broken out that have been good for consumers," according to Benz. "Vanguard's dominance has pushed other providers to lower their costs." Other major fund companies offering low-priced index funds include Fidelity, T. Rowe Price (TROW), Charles Schwab (SCHW) and BlackRock.

Some actively managed funds have consistently outperformed their benchmark indexes. Proponents also note that actively managed funds often fare better than index funds during down markets. The index funds are always fully invested -- and thus fully exposed -- while active funds can usually move into cash or other investments when the market is falling.

And for some investors, index funds are simply too boring. You're accepting a hands-off approach to investing, settling for singles instead of home runs, and accepting that you will never "beat the market."

 

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Wall Street This Week: SeaWorld's Splash, Retailers' Cash

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BED BATH BEYOND EARNS
Kevork Djansezian/AP
From a troubled theme park operator bringing in a new CEO to home furnishing retailers chiming in with quarterly results, here are some of the things that will help shape the week that lies ahead on Wall Street.

Monday -- One Word: Plastics

It's a slow week on the earnings front, but one company stepping up with fresh financials on Monday is A. Schulman (SHLM). The supplier of high-performance plastic compounds and resins is expected to post flattish results for its fiscal second quarter. Analysts see earnings climbing 2 percent from a year earlier, but they also see revenue taking a 2 percent step back.

Tuesday -- Shaming Shamu

There will be a change at the helm of SeaWorld (SEAS) on Tuesday, as Joel Manby comes over from Herschend Enterprises to be the theme park operator's next CEO. SeaWorld can use the new outsider perspective.

Activists' criticism of SeaWorld for keeping orcas in captivity has resonated with the public. Attendance has fallen in back-to-back years, and even music festival performers dropped out last year under boycott pressures.

Manby has been successful at Herschend, the privately held operator behind Dollywood and Silver Dollar City. He'll be going from a respected family-friendly chain to one stuck in brand-eroding notoriety. It's the ultimate challenge.

Wednesday -- There's No Place Like Home

We'll get a good snapshot of the state of home furnishings on Wednesday as Bed Bath & Beyond (BBBY) and Pier 1 Imports (PIR) report results for their holiday quarters. Both retailers were major beneficiaries during the early days of the housing market's recovery. Folks were buying and selling houses again, and that was an ideal time to spring for a new Pier 1 sofa or shower curtains at Bed Bath & Beyond.

Growth has slowed these days, and analysts see both chains growing sales at a 5 percent to 6 percent clip compared to the prior year's holiday quarter. The bigger challenge for the two retailers will be how things pan out on the way down to the bottom line. Pier 1 and Bed Bath & Beyond have missed Wall Street's profit forecasts in two of the past three quarters.

Thursday -- Hello, Ruby Tuesday

One of casual dining's biggest laggards has been Ruby Tuesday (RT). It's been a rough few years for the restaurant chain and its shareholders. It's been suffering through declining business, poorly received makeovers, and the shuttering of underperforming locations.

Ruby Tuesday is coming off four years of annual losses. It's not a surprise that the market's bracing for another quarterly deficit on declining sales on Thursday.

Friday -- Watch This Space

It will be a big day for Apple (AAPL) as the consumer electronics giant begins taking preorders for its new Apple Watch. Smartwatches haven't been big sellers so far, but things have a way of changing once the class act of Cupertino steps into the game.

Motley Fool contributor Rick Munarriz owns shares of SeaWorld Entertainment. The Motley Fool recommends Apple and Bed Bath & Beyond. The Motley Fool owns shares of Apple. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. Is your portfolio ready for what 2015 has to offer? Check out our free report for one great stock to buy for this year and beyond.

 

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Taco Bell Answers Your Request: It Wants to Ring Your Doorbell

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Taco Bell Nachos Tacos 4-8-091
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There are some big changes on the way at Taco Bell, and we're not just talking about its ever-changing menu. New CEO Brian Niccol detailed some of the fast-food concept's ambitious plans in an interview with Nation's Restaurant News.

Niccol -- who's been heading up the Yum Brands (YUM) chain since January -- is trying to keep Taco Bell relevant.
  • Taco Bell will be rolling out a loyalty program, rewarding repeat customers. This is the kind of stuff that flies at fast-casual darling Panera Bread (PNRA), but it could also appeal to the value-minded millennials that Taco Bell attracts.
  • Catering is also something that folks typically associate with comfort-food outfits including Boston Market or Cracker Barrel (CBRL), but it's also on the menu at Taco Bell. The chain is testing catering in Houston with plans to roll it out across the country.
  • Taco Bell is tinkering with smaller locations. It introduced a small store carved out of a shipping container at Austin's South by Southwest festival last month, and it plans to open as many as 200 more. It's also testing urban locations with open kitchens that take up just half the space of the traditional unit.
  • Ordering at a register or drive-through window is so passe. Taco Bell is also one of the many fast-food chains gearing up to roll out online ordering later this year.
The chain's boldest move, however, takes a cue from pizza chains and Chinese takeout joints: Taco Bell plans to start a delivery system. It just needs to find a way to make it work.

Gears and Gorditas

"Even though it's the No. 1 request from consumers, we have to make sure we can give them an experience that's consistent with Taco Bell," Niccol told Nation's Restaurant News in explaining the challenges of rolling out delivery. "We have to figure it out, and I can tell you right now we don't have it figured out."

It's not just about logistics, though assembling a fleet of capable local drivers isn't easy. Taco Bell's biggest advantage -- its low prices -- is also the biggest roadblock. The chain is known more for the quantity of its food than the quality, and giving hungry patrons deep value will make it hard to get away with charging too much for delivery. Will there also be minimum order sizes for delivery, because you can get a lot of food at Taco Bell for just a few bucks if you order off the chain's Dollar Cravings menu?

Taco Bell won't be the first fast-food chain to introduce its own delivery service. Delivery is a key component of the Jimmy John's sandwich shop, and Burger King (BKW) has been offering delivery in select markets for a couple of years now. Starbucks (SBUX) has also announced that it will be testing delivery later this year.

Taco Bell doesn't need to be working on so many new initiatives. It has come through with three consecutive years of positive comps, but the success has stemmed mostly from its innovative menu additions. This is the year that Taco Bell moves beyond the kitchen to win your business, and that move may soon take it right to your front door.

Motley Fool contributor Rick Munarriz owns shares of Cracker Barrel Old Country Store. The Motley Fool recommends and owns shares of Panera Bread and Starbucks. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days, and check out The Motley Fool's one great stock to buy for 2015 and beyond.

 

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